from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #解析网页
import re #正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error  #制定url，获取网页数据
import xlwt  #进行excel操作
import sqlite3  #进行SQLite数据库操作

def main():
    baseurl = "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start="
    #爬取网页
    datalist = getData(baseurl)
    #保存数据
    savepath = "豆瓣电影Top250.xls"
    saveData(datalist,savepath)
#电影链接
findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">')
#封面图片
findImgSrc = re.compile(r'<img.*src="(.*?)".*>',re.S)
#电影名称
findTitle = re.compile(r'<span class="title">(.*)</span>')
#评分
findRating = re.compile(r'<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*)</span>')
#评价人数
findJudge = re.compile(r'<span>(\d*)人评价</span>')
#概况
findInq = re.compile(r'<span class="inq">(.*)</span>')
#电影详细内容
findBd = re.compile(r'<p class="">(.*?)</p>',re.S)

#爬取网页
def getData(baseurl):
    datalist = []
    for i in range(0,10):
        url = baseurl + str(i*25)
        html = askURL(url)


        #逐一解析数据
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
        for item in soup.find_all('div',class_="item"):
            #print(item)
            data = []
            item = str(item)

            Link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0]
            data.append(Link)

            ImgSrc = re.findall(findImgSrc,item)[0]
            data.append(ImgSrc)

            Title = re.findall(findTitle,item)
            if len(Title)==2:
                ctitle = Title[0]
                data.append(ctitle)
                otitle = Title[1].replace("/","")
                data.append(otitle)
            else:
                data.append(Title[0])
                data.append(' ')

            Rating = re.findall(findRating,item)[0]
            data.append(Rating)

            Judge = re.findall(findJudge,item)[0]
            data.append(Judge)

            Inq = re.findall(findInq,item)
            if len(Inq) !=0:
                Inq = Inq[0].replace("。","")
                data.append(Inq)
            else:
                data.append(" ")

            Bd = re.findall(findBd,item)[0]
            Bd = re.sub('<br(\s+)?/>(\s+)?'," ",Bd)
            data.append(Bd.strip())

            datalist.append(data)    #把处理好的一个电影信息存储到datalist中
    #解析网页
    return datalist

#获取指定一个网页内容
def askURL(url):
    head = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.116 Safari/537.36"
    } #伪装成网页的形式，请求网页信息
    request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=head)
    html = ""
    try:
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
        html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
        #print(html)
    except urllib.error.URLError as e:
        if hasattr(e,"code"):
            print(e.code)
        if hasattr(e,"reason"):
            print(e.reason)
    return html
#保存数据
def saveData(datalist,savepath):
    print("save....")
    book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0)
    sheet = book.add_sheet('豆瓣电影Top250',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
    col = ("电影详情链接","封面链接","影片中文名","影片外国名","评分","评价数","概况","相关信息","")
    for i in range(0,8):
        sheet.write(0,i,col[i])
    for i in range(0,250):
        print("第%d条"%(i+1))
        data = datalist[i]
        for j in range(0,8):
            sheet.write(i+1,j,data[j])
    book.save('豆瓣电影Top250.xls')


main()
print("爬取完毕")

自己改造的

import json
import os
import requests  # python HTTP客户端库，编写爬虫和测试服务器响应数据会用到的类库
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()
requests.adapters.DEFAULT_RETRIES = 5   #增加重连次数

alurls=open('./import/aliyun.txt',"w",encoding="utf-8")

def index(page):
    print('正在爬取数据…第{}…'.format(page))
# url网址 = 'http://www.baidu.com'  (第一页)
    # url = 'https://www.00tuz.com/api/discussions?include=user,lastPostedUser,tags,tags.parent,firstPost&sort=&page[offset]={}'.format(page)
    url = 'https://pan.yuankongjian.com/api/discussions?include=user%2ClastPostedUser%2CfirstPost%2Ctags&sort&page%5Boffset%5D={}'.format(
        page)
    # print('-----------正在爬取第' + str(page + 1) + '页------')
    # 根据url网址获取网页源码
    user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36'
    headers = {'User-Agent': user_agent}
    s=requests.session()
    s.keep_alive=False
    htmljson = requests.get(url, headers=headers,verify=False).json()

    # print(htmljson)
    info = ['id']
    typeinfo = ['title']
    try:
        # list.append(datainfo)
        # 解析 json
        list =[]
        datasarry = ['data']
        for data in datasarry:
            # print(htmljson[data][0])
            for i in info:
                # print(htmljson[data][0][i])
                datainfo = htmljson[data][0]['attributes']['title']
                # print(datainfo)
                # print("_________分割_______")
                list.append(htmljson[data][0][i])
                details(list)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

# 爬取详情页面
def details(list):
    for i in list:
        print(i)
        url = 'https://pan.yuankongjian.com/d/{}'.format(
            i)
        # 根据url网址获取网页源码
        user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36'
        headers = {'User-Agent': user_agent}
        html= requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        print(html.status_code)
        html = BeautifulSoup(html.content,'html.parser')
        # div= html.select('div.Post-body > p')[0]
        title = html.select('div.container>h2')  # 标题
        aurl = html.select("div.Post-body a[href^='https://www.aliyundrive.com/']")  # 阿里云分享标签
        otherurl=html.select("a[href^='https://alywp.net/']")  # a标签
        # print(title)
        # print(aurl)
        # print(otherurl)
        str1 = ''.join(str(i) for i in title)
        str2 = ''.join(str(i) for i in aurl)
        print(str1)
        print(str2)
        alurls.write('标题:'+str1+'\n'+'链接:'+str2+'\n'+'--------------------------------------------'+'\n')
        print("--------")
        #判断是否到最后获取null
        # if len(str1)== 0 && str2.isspace():
        #     break;
        time.sleep(1.5)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    for page in range(99999):
        index(page)